How To Remove The Sodium Fluoride In Your Water

To remove the Sodium Fluoride from your tap water, you will need a Reverse Osmosis filter (RO Filter).

These can be bought from the following providers:

1. Water2Water.com.au (Australia)


Purosmart Portable Reverse Osmosis System ~ Link 
(This product can be ordered online from the main site > Contact Us >> Order online)

The Purosmart PDF ~ Link



2. Nimbus Water Store (USA) WaterMaker Mini Reverse Osmosis System

The Water Maker Mini Reverse Osmosis System PDF ~ Link

The Manual ~ Link

Why Use Reverse Osmosis?

Reverse Osmosis is the most effective method to remove Fluoride from tap water.
It works by squeezing water through a semi-permeable membrane (Anything larger than 0.0001 microns is filtered out).

Examples of the different materials filtered by the RO membrane:
Bacteria: 0.4 Microns
Virus: 0.01 Microns
Reference: http://www.reverse-osmosis-water-filter-guide.com/reverse-osmosis-ro-water-filter-systems.html

The History of Reverse Osmosis Filters

Reverse Osmosis, (A.K.A. Ultra-Filtration by the industry) represents state-of-the-art in water treatment technology. Reverse Osmosis (RO) was first observed in 1748 by French scientist Jean Antoine Nollet, and was for the following 200 years only a phenomenon observed in laboratory's.

In 1949, the University of California at LosAngeles (UCLA) first investigated the desalination of seawater using semi-permeable membranes. Researchers from both UCLA and the University of Florida successfully produced fresh water from seawater in mid-1950.

But the flux was too low to be commercially available, but in early 1960, Loeb (1962) and Sourirajan (1981) developed a method of making asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes with relatively high water fluxes and separations, thus making Reverse Osmosis separations both possible and practical.

The new-generation membranes (almost always a polymer) can tolerate wider pH ranges, higher temperatures and harsher chemical environments.

Reverse Osmosis is a pressure-driven process, so there's no energy-intensive phase or expensive solvents or adsorbents being used.

The most widely used membrane modules are the spiral-wound, hollow-fibres, each one being 200 micrometers in diameter. The membrane is separated by spacers, rolled around a perforated collection tube, and the feed (water) is channelled across the rolled membrane sheets. The water molecules permeate through the membranes and collected in the centre tube.

These elements have an extremely high packing density and so can have high permeate production rates per module. However, these modules are highly prone to fouling as the accumulated material cannot be removed from the membrane (Allegrezza, 1988; Bhattacharyya et al., 1992).

By the end of 2001, about 15,200 desalination plants were in operation worldwide.

Reference: http://www.eetcorp.com/heepm/RO_ReviewE.pdf

Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_osmosis

How does Reverse Osmosis work?

Long sheets of thin-film semi-permeable membranes are sandwiched together and rolled up around a hollow central tube. The water pressure supplies the energy needed to force water through the membrane, separating the unwanted substances from the water. The membrane needs to be housed in some type of container (Membrane Housing) so that pressure can be maintained.

The unwanted substances are automatically diverted to a waste drain (Kitchen sink). This is done by using some of the unprocessed water (feed water) to carry away the rejected substances to the drain, thus keeping the membrane clean. This is the main reason why Reverse Osmosis membranes last longer than other conventional filtering devices.